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Congressional and State Elections, 1990
Congressional and State Elections, 1990
Although President
Collor had been able to pass most of his emergency legislation
in 1990, he knew that his government needed to elect a solid majority
to Congress, backed up by sympathetic governors. The economic stabilization
plan adopted in March 1990 produced a deep recession, which was
not reversed before the October 3 general elections. The 1988 constitution
had created three new states--Amapá, Roraima, and Tocantins--and
home rule came to Brasília, which elected its first governor.
Thus, twenty-six states and the Federal District held simultaneous
elections for governor, state assemblies, the full 503-member Chamber
of Deputies, and thirty-one senators (the new states of Amapá
and Roraima elected three senators each).
Seventeen of the gubernatorial races had runoffs on November 15.
Among the twenty-seven governors elected, Collor had four staunch
allies, eleven sometime allies, and twelve in opposition. Parties
nominally aligned with Collor had elected close to an absolute majority
(252) of federal deputies, but because of low party loyalty and
cohesion, the president had great difficulty passing his legislative
agenda in 1991 . The
PMDB (Brazilian Democratic Movement Party) remained the largest
party in Congress, retaining the presidency of the Senate. However,
in 1993 the PMDB lost the presidency of the Chamber to a PFL-led
coalition. Nineteen parties gained representation in the lower house.
Municipal Elections, 1992
The 1992 municipal elections were held five days after Collor's
impeachment. The PMDB recovered some positions lost in 1988. The
PFL
(Liberal Front Party), PSDB, and PDS
(Democratic Social Party) also made moderate advances.
Data as of April 1997 |
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